Gaia (the title of Tiamat's 1995 EP) is the primal Greek goddess personifying the Earth.

In "Enuma Elish", the ancient Mesopotamian story of creation, Tiamat was one of the three primeval aspects of water. She represented the chaotic salt water and was the mate of Absu, the representator of the orderly fresh water. From the couple were born many important Mesopotamian gods. Eventually, Tiamat was slain by the god Marduk.